North Beach has long been associated with San Francisco’s widely recognized tradition of accommodating Bohemians and Bohemianism, with Bohemians considered to be writers, artists, and others who reject conventional social norms and seek to express new visions of life or society. One of San Francisco’s earliest recognized Bohemian places was Coppa’s restaurant, located on the southern fringe of North Beach at the foot of Columbus Avenue in the Montgomery Block, demolished in 1959. Before 1900, Coppa’s provided the essential ingredients for Bohemian life — good cheap food and wine that attracted artists and literary people, in this case Jack London, George Sterling, and Will Irwin. (Smith 2005: 188) “Bohemia moved onto the hill in the 1890s and stayed through the ‘lawless decade’ of the 1920s,” also involving Joaquin Miller, Ina Coolbrith, Rudolf Friml, and Edwin Booth. (Gentry 1962: 96, 101)